![]() Once the war was over, many surviving members of the allied forces began careers in the aviation industry, and the US Able Baker military alphabet was officially adopted by international aviation. They sent a list of their word choices to Major Handy, and this was the start of what has since become an instantly recognisable alphabet and set of universally adopted aviation terms. He set them the task of figuring out the most successful word for each letter when using “military interphones in the intense noise encountered in modern warfare”. Major FD Handy, director of the communications branch of the army, asked for the help of Harvard University’s Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory. It was the need to effectively communicate during joint operations between the US, UK and Australia that prompted the Combined Communications Board to change the US military’s Joint Army/Navy alphabet so it could be used by all three nations.Īround this time, the US military began to study spelling alphabets. It’s now a universal language that has travelled a long road since the Second World War, when many nations used their own versions of a spelling alphabet. The alphabet was settled on only once it had been scientifically tested. They included: the International Commission for Air Navigation, predecessor to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) the International Radio Consultative Committee, predecessor to the International Telecommunication Union the International Maritime Organization the United States Federal Government the Federal Aviation Administration the International Amateur Radio Union the American Radio Relay League the Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials International and military organizations such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the now-defunct Southeast Asia Treaty Organization. The war against the angular gyrus beginsīetween 19, the first non-military international spelling alphabet was developed and adopted by a number of organisations that made changes based on their experiences. This is why the NATO phonetic alphabet was created initially as a military alphabet, although it is now also used in many areas of civilian life. Based on your personal, everyday experiences, your brain is more likely to pick a phrase that has practical relevance for you, so you’ll hear “there’s a bathroom on your right”, instead of “there’s a bad moon on the rise”.Ī simple case of misheard lyrics can be funny, but what about a pilot mishearing the map grid of a rescue extraction point? Just one wrong letter or number can cost lives. The part of your brain that’s to blame is the angular gyrus, which uses all your gathered knowledge to fill in unclear, nonsensical phrases with predictable words. This happens when we fail to hear words or phrases clearly and our brain jumps in to help us by putting together words or phrases from our vocabulary that sound most like those not-so-clear words or phrases. There’s a word for this grammatical phenomenon – oronyms. If you mix up the words of your favorite songs, you’re not alone. It’s also used by emergency services, and in commercial air travel and the private jet charter industry to maintain clear communication in civilian life. The NATO phonetic alphabet is the most widely recognised international system used by the military to avoid miscommunicating similar-sounding letters, helping to save lives and achieve greater operational efficiency. The NATO Phonetic Alphabet is a set of words that stand for alphabetical letters to avoid misunderstandings that can result from difficult-to-spell words, different pronunciations or poor line communication. Wet, damp (ACMI), dry and hybrid lease contracts for airlinesġ0 February 2022 A Look at the History of the NATO Phonetic Alphabetīeing able to make yourself understood when communicating orally is vitally important in potentially life-threatening situations, for example, giving a search-and-rescue helicopter the position of a downed pilot. Providing aircraft charter solutions for orchestras Pharmaceutical specific charter solutions adapted for sensitive goods Working together with travel agents and tour operators Tailored aircraft charters for film & media productionĪrranging charters for sporting events, organisations & athletes Personnel and cargo solutions for the industry Providing aircraft charters for the music industries Individual or large charter programmes for governments ![]() Supporting freight forwarders with their logistical requirements Time sensitive and secure aircraft charters in emergenciesĪssisting event organisers with their logistics requirements ![]() ![]() Aircraft leasing and cargo charter solutionsĬharter for key personnel or time-sensitive cargoĪssisting travel departments around the world ![]()
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![]() ![]() You can recruit units, send them into battle and manage your burgeoning forces. Like Dragon Age: Inquisition, you'll eventually be put in charge of an army, but here you get more than a castle and a meaningless title. Though it sometimes devolves into overwritten, generic fantasy, it's a big improvement over its predecessor, Pathfinder: Kingmaker, and it manages to pull off some ambitious ideas where other big RPGs have failed. This at least speaks to how much I want to keep playing. I desperately want to become a lich and command a party filled with undead companions (opens in new tab), but I'm also considering packing this adventure in and rolling a good or neutral character. But it's impossible for me to roleplay my character that way. It was clear what his alignment was before I even recruited him. I've got a Lawful Evil gnome in my party at the moment, and nearly every conversation we have manages to express his nature. This has nothing to do with the ability of its writers, because I know they can write dialogue that captures a character's alignment pretty well. This state of affairs is particularly frustrating because developer Owlcat chose to make these options so shallow. You've just decided you don't like them, so you murder them, right in front of your paladin pal. And there's never any additional context. This is the evil solution to pretty much every problem: kill. But you can also kill him the moment he introduces himself, before you know he's carrying something you want. It's the one where you can murder a man for his keys. In only one of these examples does this choice make even the slightest bit of sense. ![]() ![]() Even to iPads & iPhones using InterConneX! Other Macs, NAS drives, external drives, PC's or anything you can mountĪs a volume.
![]() ![]() The story takes place 100 years from now and follows “a group of unexpected heroes who must escape an assassin and make their way through epic digital worlds to unravel a conspiracy that threatens to destroy humanity.”īy way of comaprison, Amazon offers this book description for City of Golden Shadow: The studio has tapped John Scott III (who is also adapting Isaac Asivmov’s Caves of Steel for Fox) to write the script, with Dan Lin ( Sherlock Holmes: Game of Shadows) producing. “ The ultimate virtual-reality saga, borrowing motifs from cyberpunk, mythology, and world history.Variety reports that Warner Brothers has acquired feature rights to Tad Williams’ science fiction book tetralogy, Otherland, comprised of City of Golden Shadow, River of Blue Fire, Mountain of Black Glass and Sea of Silver Light, which were originally publsihed between 19. Best of all, however, are Williams’s well-drawn sympathetic characters.” ― Publishers Weekly “ Tad Williams proves himself as adept at writing science fiction as he is at writing fantasy. Highly recommended…” ― Absolute Magnitude “ A wonderful mixture of visual imagery and movement…once again Tad Williams paints us a picture so vivid and real that it becomes three dimensional. “Otherland has sparked a phenomenon, drawing even fans who don’t normally read science fiction with a mix of futurism, fantasy, and social criticism.” ― Metro Santa Cruz “On an epic scale, and most impressive of all (1996’s SF novels), is Otherland, a big colorful novel full of real-world conspiracy and virtual reality wonders, with characters worth caring about.” ― Locus ![]() Otherland is one of the best works of science fiction I’ve ever read.” ―Katharine Kerr, author of the Dragon Mage series In this intricate geography of the mind Williams tells a cracking good story, but even as the suspense builds, you come to realize that you’re seeing a strangely familiar world―ours as it might come to be. “This brilliantly crafted book delivers even more than its title promises: not one other land but many come to life here, each engrossing, glittering, and dangerous. A dazzling book.” ―Melanie Rawn, author of Dragon Prince “Irresistible characters, challenging ideas, an intricate, and startlingly possible plot― everything any reader of SF or fantasy could ask for in a novel, with gorgeous writing besides. ![]() Tolkien’.” ―Neil Gaiman, author of American Gods “ Tad Williams is the brightest and best of the fantasists working in what is so often, and so inaccurately, described as ‘the tradition of J.R.R. The answers will only be found in Otherland. Is he part of The Grail Brotherhood? Does he oppose them? Or, as he sits like a spider at the center of a vast web, does he have ambitions of his own? However, youth and frailty are not enough to get you excused from saving the world.Īnd Mister Sellars, a strange old man on a military base, a prisoner of both the government and his own body, may be the greatest mystery of all. As he flees from the bloody battlefields of World War I to a castle in the sky, and onward to lands beyond imagining, he must not only evade his terrifying pursuers, but solve the terrible riddle of his own identity.įourteen-year-old Orlando is also the invincible barbarian Thargorm, but only in his imagination. Paul Jonas is lost, seemingly adrift in space and time. With the heart of a poet and the soul of a shaman, he will journey with Renie on this quest into the very heart of darkness. !Xabbu is a Bushman, come to the city to learn skills which may save the spirit of his tribe. When people around her begin to die, she realizes she has stumbled onto something she is not meant to know, a terrifying secret from which there is no turning back. But when her young brother is struck down by a bizarre and mysterious illness, Renie swears to save him. Renie Sulaweyo, a teacher and the backbone of her family, proud of her African heritage, has fought all her life simply to get by. But every age has its heroes, and unusual times call for unusual champions: Fewer still are willing or able to take up the challenge of this perilous and seductive realm. Only a few have become aware of the danger. And somehow, bit by bit, it is claiming the Earth's most valuable resource -its children. The best minds of two generations have labored to build it. Incredible amounts of money have been lavished on it. Surrounded by secrecy, it is home to the wildest dreams and darkest nightmares. “Tad Williams is the brightest and best of the fantasists.” ―Neil Gaiman, author of American Gods ![]() Now in trade paperback, the first book in the classic cyberpunk fantasy series ![]() ![]() ![]() The SanDisk website does not break performance down by capacities and Samsung doesn’t even have specifications for the XP941 available on the web. These speeds (or lack of) have nothing to do with SanDisk, as the write performance seen is typical of both the SanDisk and Samsung PCIe SSDs available today, these being the SanDisk A110 and the Samsung XP941. The 128GB SSD is a native PCIe SSD and, even if it were SATA 3, write performance would still be considered horrid by today’s standards. Let’s look at this a little more closely. Our friends at OWC were the first to publish that the difference between MBP installed 128 and 256GB PCIe SSDs could be as much as a 400MB/s performance drop their article also accompanied by some interesting benchmarks. Performance in the 128GB PCIe SSD does drop significantly, however, and this is something the buyer should be made aware of. Now… let’s be very clear in stating that the SanDisk 128GB SSD has no similarities to that of last years recall, nor are there any significant performance differences between a 128GB PCIe SSD made be either SanDisk or Samsung. Moving forward to the most recent release of Mac products, Apple has now altered their SSD make-up somewhat and we now find newer 2013 systems containing SanDisk PCIe SSDs, or that of Samsung. Being the owner of both 20 MBA releases, I am very happy that both systems have Samsung SSDs instlled. This was most recently seen in the MacBook Air Flash Storage Replacement Program where Apple is now voluntarily replacing all non-Samsung SSD MBA’s as they risk failure and data loss. The downfall of this is when Apple ‘test drives’ other manufacturer parts, using the consumer as their test subjects. Samsung PCIe SSD Found Inside Mid-2013 MBA Can you imagine how the ongoing Apple/Samsung disputes might take on a new face if most knew that their beloved Apple products performed as they did because of the Samsung components inside? The simple truth is that Apple would have nowhere near the success we see today without those Samsung components, and conversely, Samsung would also suffer a huge loss in their coffers without Apple. In their defence, neither they nor their manufacturers are at will to speak of such things due to confidentiality agreements. Apple has changed this by introducing SanDisk’s newest PCIe SSD for use with their newest PCIe SSD enabled systems, now utilizing either the SanDisk or the Samsung in Mac systems. A typical SATA 3 SSD bottlenecks at about 550MB/s, whereas, newer PCIe SSDs have tested over 1GB/s, Apple coming in with speeds of 824MB/s read and 757MB/s write in our Mid-2013 MBA testing.Īll testing to date has been with Samsung configured M.2 PCIe SSDs, and until the release of the new late 2013 version Apple products (specifically the MacBook Pro), there has really been no competition for Samsung in the M.2 PCIe world. To give you an idea how much faster, the chart below is a summary of our testing of native PCIe SSDs, to that of SATA 3 products whether they be M.2 (NGFF) or notebook SSDs. ![]() To keep it very simple, data transfer is much faster to and from a PCIe device, than that of a SATA 3 device. This shouldn’t be that concerning, considering that Apple has recently doubled the speeds of newer Mac products in our jump from SATA 3 to PCIe SSDs. SanDisk PCIe SSD Found Inside Late-2013 MBP Simply, the high-capacity SSD of your 2012 Apple MBA will not work in your 2013 MBA. Not only can the SSD in Apple’s new Mac products not be upgraded with third-party SSDs, but also, they can’t even be switched off with SSDs of previous Apple releases. Apple does this and carries things a step further by demanding that components, such as the SSDs, are proprietary to a specific build only. The practice of using unbranded peripherals in computers is common. ![]() ![]() ![]() This Presentation Tools program is available in English. ![]() Mac CD/DVD Label Maker is a free trial software published in the Presentation Tools list of programs, part of Audio & Multimedia. Works with a variety of disc sizes and shapes. Support save your label as a CD Label Maker document, or as a PDF, TIFF, Postcript file. Barcode generator - support add barcode to label. Numerous image effects, like opacity level, image mask, etc Wrap text around other objects and around label edges Include and edit multi-line text laid out in a circle Print to a wide array of label and paper types Templates for jewel case and DVD case inserts and booklets, MiniCD, and other media ![]() Start with a pre-designed template, or create your own Import playlists lists from iTunes, Finder, and Text File Print your disc cover on mac printers and achieve excellent results, or export your design as JPEG, TIFF, PDF, BMP, PNG, etc. Print any number of labels starting at any position on the sheet, exclude certain labels from printing, control bleeds, printing offsets, crop and trim marks. You can print your disc covers, etc., on papers from Avery, APLI, A-One, Canon, Data Becker, Decadry, Epson, Fellowes, Herma, Memorex, Neato, etc. More then a thousand images for backgrounds and clipart in a variety of formats, including JPEG, TIFF, PDF, GIF, etc., are in the product image libraries. Hundreds of disc, cover, inserts, double cover templates are supplied with the Mac CD/DVD Label Maker. Import playlists from iTunes, Finder, or text files. Link text between multiple text objects, wrap text around overlapping objects. Text, graphics, images, backgrounds and templates, can be easily added to your disc label design, as well as various shapes containing color gradients and mac images. The Mac CD/DVD Label Maker is a CD/DVD disc label designer that helps you to create mac CD, DVD labels using various built-in label formats, clipart images, and layouts provided. ![]() ![]() Check out their website or research online to see what others have said about them. If they have been around for years, they are doing something right and have built a good reputation among customers. You want to find a company that has been in business for a long time and has an excellent track record. The major thing to look at is the brand reputation. However, if money isn’t an issue for you, then, by all means, go ahead and get one of those fancy models with lots of features and functions! Brand reputation If you have a tight budget, you should consider buying an affordable model instead of an expensive one that offers little benefit over cheaper models. BudgetĪnother important factor that should influence your choice of squishmallows panda is your budget. This way, even if you use your squishmallows panda frequently, it will remain in good condition for a long time. If possible, go for a product that is made from high-quality materials. Ideally, you should use a durable product that can withstand heavy use. Choosing a durable model will mean less downtime. Durability depends on several factors, including build quality, materials used in construction, and design features. If you’re using your squishmallows panda frequently or in harsh conditions, then durability becomes even more important than price because failing equipment can cause further damage or injuries if not working properly. Some models are often praised for having fewer features but being easy to use and providing good performance. If you’re looking for a simple model, check out the squishmallows panda reviews. If you have more money to spend and want a model with lots of features, look for one that has more to offer. If you’re on a budget, look for a simple model with only the basic features. The more features a model has, the higher the price. This will help you to find a retailer that offers excellent value for money-a point that cannot be stressed enough! FeatureĪnother important factor is the squishmallows panda features and whether it meets your needs. You can use the internet to find several retailers who sell similar products and then compare prices. The best way to get a good deal on a squishmallows panda is by shopping around. You will probably spend more money on repairs and replacements in the future than if you had bought a more reliable product in the first place. If possible, do not be tempted by low prices because they might not be reliable. You should compare prices before buying to find one that matches your budget. ![]() It is important to choose an affordable squishmallows panda. The following are some of the most important things you must consider when choosing a product. When choosing the best squishmallows panda, it is important to consider various factors. ![]() You don’t want to buy something that will break down on you within days or weeks of buying it. It’s also important to ensure that the squishmallows panda has a solid reputation for quality.
![]() ![]() As well, Tuxera charges on the basis of one license, one person. Tuxera doesn’t – one license with free upgrades. So you’ll probably have to pay again each time Apple releases a new OS. But there’s a caveat – Paragon charges for each upgrade, which typically bumps macOS major version compatibility. On the other hand, Tuxera is $31 USD, so a few bucks more. If that’s true for you, stop here, Paragon’s what you want. It’s $22 USD at time of writing to buy a license, and Seagate actually partners with Paragon to offer the latest version for free as long as you only want to be able to write Seagate disks. Okay, so how do Paragon and Tuxera stack up? I wanted to know, so I did some research and ran some tests. Because it’s not based on NTFS-3G, it should be immune to some of the performance oddities of NTFS-3G, as well. Paragon hasn’t been around as long, but they’ve got a pretty polished product. Tuxera is actually a principle developer of NTFS-3G, and the commercial product is built on top of it with some substantial proprietary improvements to performance. But leave it to the Linux crowd, where it’s a much more fluid experience. It CAN be pretty reliable, and because it’s open-source, there are lots of eyes on it. It’s a PITA to install on OSX, and the performance isn’t great. But which do you chose? Not NTFS-3gĮasy answer here. You’ve got three options to add write support: Tuxera NTFS for Mac, Paragon NTFS for Mac 14, and NTFS-3G. Screw ExFAT, and HFS+ is right out, leaving you with NTFS, which is read-only by default in macOS. But luckily, there’s actually competition in this space these days. So you want good performance accessing those drives, you don’t want to lose all your data if a fly lands in the wrong spot in Belize, and you need read/write access from Mac as well as Windows? Sucks to be you. You’re probably not like me, but if you are, you probably don’t want to be using ExFAT on all of those disks, because ExFAT sucks. If you’re like me, you use Macs and PCs on the same desk, have a pile of external disks ranging from 1-2 terabytes to a bunch of terabytes, and you’ve got a bunch of crap on all of them that needs to move around a lot. Update! I revisited this question with a modern computer and a slightly different outcome. ![]() ![]() ![]() Let's add these methods to our test class. The method that's annotated with the annotation must be static, and it's run once after all test methods have been run.The method that's annotated with the annotation is invoked after each test method.The method that's annotated with the annotation is invoked before each test method.The method that's annotated with the annotation must be static, and it's run once before the test methods are run.The supported setup and teardown methods are described in the following: Setup and teardown methods cannot be private. Annotations such as BeforeClass and AfterClass are JUnit 4 class-level annotations.JUnit 5 introduced a new way of testing for expected exceptions, which is an. In other words, their return type must be void. There are a few different ways to test that a constructor or other unit in a Java program throws a certain exception. These methods must not return anything.Using Setup and Teardown MethodsĪ test class can have four setup and teardown methods that must fulfill these two conditions: Next, we will find out how we can use setup and teardown methods. We have now created our first test class. A JUnit5 test case may fall under may scenario, the same test case might be eligible for multiple scenarios, we can annotate the Junit5 test case with. Import .function.We can add the annotation to a test class or to a test method. Import static .DynamicContainer.dynamicContainer Dynamic tests are generated at runtime by a factory method and it is annotated with Below example is gathered from the original JUnit website for more details please refer here. Repeats 10 repeatedTestWithRepetitionInfo(RepetitionInfo repetitionInfo) can use this annotation for Dynamic Tests. Let’s write some example test codes for the JUnit 5 annotations.įirst, we need to add JUnit 5 dependency in our pom.xml. Such annotations are inherited at the class level but not at the method to disable a test class or test method analogous to JUnit 4’s Such annotations are not to register custom extensions. Such annotations are not to declare tags for filtering tests, either at the class or method level analogous to test groups in TestNG or Categories in JUnit 4. cannot be used directly in a class unless the “per-class” test instance lifecycleis used. Such annotations are not that the annotated method should be executed before each or in the current class analogous to JUnit 4’s Such methods are inherited unless they are that the annotated method should be executed after each or in the current class analogous to JUnit 4’s Such methods are inherited unless they are that the annotated method should be executed before all and in the current class analogous to JUnit 4’s Such methods are inherited (unless they are hidden or overridden) and must be static (unless the “per-class” test instance lifecycle is that the annotated method should be executed after all and in the current class analogous to JUnit 4’s Such methods are inherited (unless they are hidden or overridden) and must be static (unless the “per-class” test instance lifecycle is that the annotated class is a nested, non-static test class. Such methods are inherited unless they are a custom display name for the test class or test method. Such annotations are that a method is a template for test cases designed to be invoked multiple times depending on the number of invocation contexts returned by the registered providers. Such methods are inherited unless they are to configure the test instance lifecycle for the annotated test class. ![]() Such methods are inherited unless they are that a method is a test factory for dynamic tests. Such methods are inherited unless they are that a method is a test template for a repeated test. Such methods are inherited unless they are that a method is a parameterized test. Unlike JUnit 4’s this annotation does not declare any attributes, since test extensions in JUnit Jupiter operate based on their own dedicated annotations. annotation denotes that a method is a test method. Here are the annotations and their descriptions. ![]() If you are coming from JUnit 4, you will see that some of the annotations changed in JUnit 5. All core annotations are located in the package in the junit-jupiter-api module. Hi all, in this article, we will learn the basic JUnit 5 annotations. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() However, if you need give a granular interesting traffic definition (for example, if HTTP traffic is interesting, but Telnet traffic is not) you need to use the dialer-list command in conjunction with an access-list. The simple method (using only the dialer-list command) specifies an entire protocol (such as IP or IPX) as either interesting or uninteresting. There are two methods for defining interesting traffic. The dialer idle-timeout command statement under the interface configuration. For more information on ppp timeout idle, refer to the document PPP Per-User Timeouts.) (Another commonly-used command, ppp timeout idle, which is used on virtual access interfaces, is outside the scope of this document. The key idle timeout command is dialer idle-timeout, which is an interface configuration command for async, group-async, ISDN and dialer interfaces. This is probably caused by a high dialer idle timeout value along with a loose interesting traffic definition. This is probably due to a low dialer idle timeout value combined or a restrictive interesting traffic definition.Ĭalls do not disconnect. This disconnection is normally due to the idle-timeout being configured (using the dialer idle-timeout command), while the interesting traffic definition is either not defined or is not applied to the interface.Ĭalls disconnect prematurely. Because the default idle-timeout is not visible, a 120 second disconnect is often misdiagnosed.Ĭalls get disconnected every x minutes after the connection is established. Although the dialer in-band command enables a default idle timeout of 120 seconds on the interface, this value does not appear in the show running-configuration output. This disconnection is normally due to the default idle-timeout of 120 seconds being enabled, while the interesting traffic definition is either not defined or is not applied to the interface. The following symptoms may indicate issues related to the idle timeout:Ĭalls get disconnected every two minutes (120 seconds) after the connection is established. Conventionsįor more information on document conventions, see the Cisco Technical Tips Conventions. If your network is live, make sure that you understand the potential impact of any command. All of the devices used in this document started with a cleared (default) configuration. The information in this document was created from the devices in a specific lab environment. This document is not restricted to specific software and hardware versions. There are no specific requirements for this document. This document focuses on configuring and troubleshooting idle timeout issues. This can result in high toll charges for connections that are charged based on the time the call is connected. However, one of the most common causes for unexpected call drops is the expiry of the idle timeout.Īnother common idle timeout issue is that the link does not disconnect since the idle timeout never expires. The reasons for this vary from hardware failures, to issues within the Telco. A common issue affecting dialup links is unexpected call drops. ![]() |
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